INTERNET REGULATION IN JAPAN. BY NICOLAS ALVIAR

JAPAN :

IS a country who have one of the bigest net in the planet and the most active net of internet. for this reason the goverment o f japan is taking measures to control the content of internet. this control is directed toward to blogs, personal web pages bur this control is very simple.

a provitional report of this simple regulation was publicated at the beginig of 2007. in this report there is a danger since for the freedom of speech the net it could be eliminated, it originated an extremely high number of public comments. Most of these against the regulation.

This regulation can be interpreted how a violation of human liberty but the introduction of penal regulations was avoided, what could be seen as a bigger achievement.

However, once the regulations have been initiate, they will be intensified. And besides all this, with regard to the “government regulation”.

Internet regulations in China. Be Alejandro Cañas B.

China has refined its technological methods for controlling the Internet allow blocking only parts of sites instead of entire pages; if the website is domestic, they can issue a warning or close it down, a practice that is common during "sensitive periods" of the year8, such as during elections or visits from foreign officials. One Harvard Law School student found that China regularly denies local users access to 19,000 sites, representing the most extensive Internet censorship in the world.9
Enforcement of laws is swift and strict; 3000 of China's 45,000 Internet cafes were shut down between 2002 and 2003. At that time a fifth of Chinese users logged on from such cafes.10 In 2002 Liu Di, known online as "Stainless Steel Mouse," was confined for a year for dissident postings, and web journalist Shi Tao was sentenced to 10 years for demanding remembrance of Tiananmen Square.11 As of May 2004, Reporters Without Borders counted 61 "cyber-dissidents" in jail in China.
Critics say that China's limits on publicly-available information repress individual freedoms and hinder academic research. However, both President Hu Jintao and former President Jiang Zemin have affirmed their support of the Internet as a popular medium12, Zemin called it an "engine for development." 13 Regarding science and censorship, Professor Shoucheng Zhang of Stanford's physics department said, "you can clearly have both" in a 2002 interview with Business Week. He remarks that most academic archives are "accessible by anyone" online, even when a university's website is blocked, and projects that some Chinese scientific schools could match MIT and Stanford in 50 years.
Other countries notable for attempting to restrict Internet content are Iran and Saudi Arabia, where the government owns all servers or requires private companies to filter out anti-Islamic and pornographic material. In 1996, the US Congress passed the Communications Decency Act. imposing content restrictions on the Internet, such as restriction on posting "indecent" or "patently offensive" materials web pages, newsgroups, chat rooms, or online discussion lists. In 1997, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the act as unconstitutional.
At the same time, the US is criticized for monopolizing ownership of the world's web address system and thereby maintaining "the theoretical power to cut [many governments] off from the Internet system by blocking the country suffix." The US refused an EU proposal to hand ownership over to an international body most recently on September 30.16 Australia's 1999 Broadcasting Services Amendment bans pornography and France's 1999 case LICRA and UEJF vs. Yahoo! Inc. and Yahoo France prohibits revisionist and Nazi-related material. But Charles Li of the Law Faculty of the University of Ottawa argues that unlike Australia's and France's specific limits, "China's emphasis is to control the political, economic, social and cultural information, as well as any ‘unhappy Information', which constitutes a broad and sometimes unpredictable category of content."
While China's regulations may fuel fears that it remains a repressive regime, Internet usage and access have increased steadily, and PRC leaders have repeatedly expressed support for the medium. Internet forums are beginning to open up in comparison to traditional press mediums. Stories of social injustice were discovered and spread over the Internet and, on the surface, the government was thankful for these leads. The Internet has led to greater freedom of speech for Chinese citizens, compared to 15 years ago. China never claims to be a democratic country and so it is resentful of the West telling it what is "right and wrong." It is a long and painful process to change and hopefully the Internet will allow China to move in the direction of openness, rather than repression.

HOW PPOPULAR IS THE ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE IN UNITED ESTATES. by nicolas alviar

the alternative medice in E.U is consider how a group of sistems, practis and products to healdty life. a lot of people in united states see this new alternative how a for to change the conventional medicine because in a lot of cases the convencional medicine is so simple and some times not solve many heald problems , for example the list of practis of alternative medicine change all the time because when it checks a treatment like effective is included in the list of convetional medicine.

but in unite estates exist a calsification of alternative medicine in fuoe tipes:

1) Integral medical systems:

in united estates this sistems have envolved in a complet diferente way as the convencional medicine. the integral medical sistem is agroup of tecnics how neuropaty and homeopaty this tecnics they have originated in the occidental culture.

2)Medicine of the mind and the body

the medicine of the mind and the body make a diferents tecnics to with the purpose of securing the capacity of the mind to affect the function and the corporal symptoms.

3)Practical biological

in the altenative medicine the pratical biological use elements of the nature how grasses, foods and vitaminst to remplace the chemical medications.


4) Practical of manipulation and based on the body.

it use to manipulated and move some parts of the body for example the quiropractica, osteopatia and masage.


for this calsification can see the importance of laternative medicine in united estates and the popolarity of this tecnics.

PROFILE NICOLAS ALVIAR

mi name is nicolas i have 19 years old im from colombia , i live in bogota city in the other hand y study law in sabana university in 4 semester , realy like my carrer but is so hard, in my free time i go aroud whit my frieds, but a i like a lot of tings to like play futbol and go to cinema, im not realy like estay in my house doing nothing because im a active man all the time but when y stay in my house i quite like talk to phone and chat in mesenger, finaly im a very active person an relay like read and spend my time in something importand like study, party or some sport.

Alternative Medicine. Be Alejandro Cañas B.

In Germany the homeopathy is practised officially by the doctors and naturópatas recognized.

The homeopathy was born at the end of the 18th century designed by the German doctor Samuel Hahnemann. His theoretical base holds that the same symptoms that a toxic substance provokes in a healthy person can be treated by a remedy prepared with the same toxic substance, following the beginning principle enunciated like similia similibus curantur (' the similar thing recovers with the similar thing ').

The homeopathic remedies have been created bearing in mind the physical, emotional, mental symptoms and of behavior that toxic substances provoke in the organism. These are prepared under the method of the dinamización or involution, which consists of a series of dilutions followed by agitations, by means of which it is considered that the essence of the substance transfers to the water, transforming it in sanadora.

In Colombia,the alternative medicine is the application of medical technologies skills they can collaborate to the restitution of the health and that they do not have to see with the conventional pharmacologists.

" It is a question of reducing also to the maximum the consumption of medicines of chemical origin but there is never known the possibility of resorting to them ", the mayor annotates.

The program develops in two senses: the first one is to socialize with the citizens the service that is offered and the procedure is done by means of previous appointments.

The second thing is to sensitize the doctors in the use of the technologies of alternative medicine doing a training to them in the doctor's office during the hours in which the mayor does the consultation, or from 2 to 5 of the evening every Wednesday.

For the following phase the medicines that are going to be distributed will be extracts of medicinal plants sowed and cultivated in The Star and prepared by the pupils of the last degree of secondary as part of the technical averages.

In conclusion, the term alternative medicine designates of wide form the methods and practices used in place, or as complement, of the medical conventional treatments to recover or to relieve diseases. The precise scope of the alternative medicine is an object of certain debate and depends mostly of what we are understands for " conventional medicine ".